linux CentOS/redhat 6.5 LVM分区如何使用

　　1, 介绍

　　LVM是逻辑盘卷管理(Logical Volume Manager)的简称，它是Linux环境下对磁盘分区进行管理的一种机制，LVM是建立在硬盘和分区之上的一个逻辑层，来提高磁盘分 LVM

　　区管理的灵活性。前面谈到，LVM是在磁盘分区和文件系统之间添加的一个逻辑层，来为文件系统屏蔽下层磁盘分区布局，提供一个抽象的盘卷，在盘卷上建立文件系统。物理卷(physical volume)物理卷就是指硬盘分区或从逻辑上与磁盘分区具有同样功能的设备(如RAID)，是LVM的基本存储逻辑块，但和基本的物理存储介质(如分区、磁盘等)比较，却包含有与LVM相关的管理参数。

　　2，创建

　　[root@cn-iss-install-01 mapper]# fdisk -l

　　[root@cn-iss-install-01 mapper]# fdisk /dev/sdb

　　Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

　　Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x874c7742.

　　Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

　　After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

　　Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

　　WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to

　　switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to

　　sectors (command 'u').

　　Command (m for help): m

　　Command action

　　a toggle a bootable flag

　　b edit bsd disklabel

　　c toggle the dos compatibility flag

　　d delete a partition

　　l list known partition types

　　m print this menu

　　n add a new partition

　　o create a new empty DOS partition table

　　p print the partition table

　　q quit without saving changes

　　s create a new empty Sun disklabel

　　t change a partition's system id

　　u change display/entry units

　　v verify the partition table

　　w write table to disk and exit

　　x extra functionality (experts only)

　　Command (m for help): p

　　Disk /dev/sdb: 96.6 GB, 96636764160 bytes

　　255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 11748 cylinders

　　Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

　　Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

　　I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

　　Disk identifier: 0x874c7742

　　Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

　　Command (m for help): n

　　Command action

　　e extended

　　p primary partition (1-4)

　　p

　　Partition number (1-4): 1

　　First cylinder (1-11748, default 1):

　　Using default value 1

　　Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-11748, default 11748): +80G

　　Command (m for help): p

　　Disk /dev/sdb: 96.6 GB, 96636764160 bytes

　　255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 11748 cylinders

　　Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

　　Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

　　I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

　　Disk identifier: 0x874c7742

　　Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

　　/dev/sdb1 1 10444 83891398+ 5 Extended

　　Command (m for help): w

　　The partition table has been altered!

　　Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

　　Syncing disks.

　　[root@cn-iss-install-01 mapper]#reboot or

　　[root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]# partprobe

　　[root@cn-iss-install-01 ~]# fdisk -l

　　Disk /dev/sda: 17.2 GB, 17179869184 bytes

　　64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 16384 cylinders

　　Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes

　　Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

　　I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

　　Disk identifier: 0x0005b1c0

　　Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

　　/dev/sda1 * 2 251 256000 83 Linux

　　Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.

　　/dev/sda2 252 16384 16520192 8e Linux LVM

　　Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.

　　Disk /dev/sdb: 96.6 GB, 96636764160 bytes

　　255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 11748 cylinders

　　Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

　　Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

　　I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

　　Disk identifier: 0x874c7742

　　Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

　　/dev/sdb1 1 10444 83891398+ 5 Extended

　　Disk /dev/mapper/VG00-LV_rootfs: 16.4 GB, 16374562816 bytes

　　255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1990 cylinders

　　Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

　　Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

　　I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

　　Disk identifier: 0x00000000

　　Disk /dev/mapper/VG00-LV_swap: 536 MB, 536870912 bytes

　　255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65 cylinders

　　Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

　　Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

　　I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

　　Disk identifier: 0x00000000

　　[root@cn-iss-install-01 ~]#

　　[root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1

　　Writing physical volume data to disk "/dev/sdb1"

　　Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created

　　[root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]#

　　[root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]# vgcreate vg03 /dev/sdb1

　　Volume group "vg03" successfully created

　　[root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]# lvcreate -L 83G -n vgdata vg03

　　[root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]# mke2fs /dev/vg03/vgdata

　　mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

　　Filesystem label=

　　OS type: Linux

　　Block size=4096 (log=2)

　　Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

　　Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks

　　5439488 inodes, 21757952 blocks

　　1087897 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

　　First data block=0

　　Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296

　　664 block groups

　　32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

　　8192 inodes per group

　　Superblock backups stored on blocks:

　　32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,

　　4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000

　　Writing inode tables: done

　　Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information:

　　done

　　This filesystem will be automatically checked every 23 mounts or

　　180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

　　[root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]#

　　[root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]#

　　[root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]# mkf

　　mkfifo mkfs.cramfs mkfs.ext3 mkfs.ext4dev

　　mkfs mkfs.ext2 mkfs.ext4

　　[root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg03/vgdata

　　mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

　　Filesystem label=

　　OS type: Linux

　　Block size=4096 (log=2)

　　Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

　　Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks

　　5439488 inodes, 21757952 blocks

　　1087897 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

　　First data block=0

　　Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296

　　664 block groups

　　32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

　　8192 inodes per group

　　Superblock backups stored on blocks:

　　32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,

　　4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000

　　Writing inode tables: done

　　Creating journal (32768 blocks): done

　　Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

　　This filesystem will be automatically checked every 37 mounts or

　　180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

　　[root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]#

　　[root@cn-iss-install-01 spool]# mount /dev/vg03/vgdata /var/spool/repo/

　　[root@cn-iss-install-01 spool]# cd repo/

　　[root@cn-iss-install-01 repo]# ls

　　lost+found

　　[root@cn-iss-install-01 repo]# pwd

　　/var/spool/repo

　　[root@cn-iss-install-01 repo]#

　　3，常用检查命令：

　　[root@cn-iss-install-01 /]# pvdisplay

　　[root@cn-iss-install-01 /]# vgdisplay

　　[root@cn-iss-install-01 /]# lvdisplay

　　[root@cn-iss-install-01 /]# pvcreate

　　Please enter a physical volume path

　　Run `pvcreate --help' for more information.

　　[root@cn-iss-install-01 /]# vgcreate

　　Please provide volume group name and physical volumes

　　Run `vgcreate --help' for more information.

　　[root@cn-iss-install-01 /]# lvcreate

　　Please provide a volume group name

　　Run `lvcreate --help' for more information.

　　[root@cn-iss-install-01 /]# vgextend

　　Please enter volume group name and physical volume(s)

　　Run `vgextend --help' for more information.

　　[root@cn-iss-install-01 /]# lvextend

　　Please specify either size or extents but not both.

　　Run `lvextend --help' for more information.

　　[root@cn-iss-install-01 /]#